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history and the evolution of computer that we need know....



History of computer

computer, is electronic machine which automatic access  .they have an effect almost everything to use .   Computers developed along two separate engineering paths, producing two distinct types of computer—analog and digital. An analog computer operates on continuously varying data; a digital computer performs operations on discrete data.
Computer had used another place such as: at the supermarket, computer is used with laser and barcode technology to scan price of item and present total, or bookshops, banks, hospitals ….etc. In the world  computer  separated to five types . Supercomputers  are fantastic machines designed to perform complex calculations at maximum speed and unlimited sway,  they are used to model very large dynamic systems, such as weather patterns and it also can prediction about disaster or find everything . Mainframes, the largest and most powerful general-purpose systems, it is type of computer need arrange in the less temperature although it is not more ability then supercomputer but it also capable by largest data store.  Minicomputers, though somewhat smaller, also are almost of users computers, it suitable to use with medium company. Microcomputers, capable not enough to use and it is type of computer slow evolution but it has effective than other type because speed, quantity and flexibility of it.
Advances in the technology of integrated circuits have spurred the development of smaller and more powerful general-purpose digital computers. Not only has this reduced the size of the large, multi-user mainframe computers—which in their early years were large enough to walk through—to that of pieces of furniture, but it has also made possible powerful, single-user personal computers and workstations that can sit on a desktop or be easily carried. These, because of their relatively low cost and versatility, have replaced typewriters in the workplace and rendered the analog computer inefficient.

source from google


The evolution of the computer

Although the development of digital computers is rooted in the abacus and early mechanical calculating devices, Charles Babbage is credited with the design of the first modern computer, the "analytical engine," during the 1830s. Vannevar Bush built a mechanically operated device, called a differential analyzer, in 1930; it was the first general-purpose analog computer. John Atanasoff constructed the first electronic digital computing device in 1939; a full-scale version of the prototype was completed in 1942 at Iowa State College (now Iowa State Univ.). In 1943 Conrad Zuse built the Z3, a fully operational electromechanical computer.
During World War II, the Colossus was developed for British codebreakers; it was the first programmable electronic digital computer. The Mark I, or Automatic Sequence Controlled Calculator, completed in 1944 at Harvard by Howard Aiken, was the first machine to execute long calculations automatically, while the first all-purpose electronic digital computer, ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator And Calculator), which used thousands of vacuum tubes, was completed in 1946 at the Univ. of Pennsylvania. UNIVAC (UNIVersal Automatic Computer) became (1951) the first computer to handle both numeric and alphabetic data with equal facility; intended for business and government use, this was the first widely sold commercial computer.
First-generation computers were supplanted by the transistorized computers (see transistor) of the late 1950s and early 60s, second-generation machines that were smaller, used less power, and could perform a million operations per second. They, in turn, were replaced by the third-generation integrated-circuit machines of the mid-1960s and 1970s that were even smaller and were far more reliable. Fourth generation(1970s to 1990s) the modern  key  were made in this generation, special point being microprocessor  like the board is develop for computer memory

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